Cashmere, meat, transport
Russian companies pay Mongolian suppliers for cashmere and wool, raw hides, meat and offal, and also for services: cargo transport across Mongolian territory, rail transit between Russia and China, geological exploration and construction. A separate type of supplier is trading companies that resell goods from China. For the payment this is lawful if the contract expressly names the seller and the specification shows the origin of the goods.
Seasonality is noticeable. Cashmere is bought after the spring combing of the down, and meat is shipped in the cold season. Raw material suppliers usually ask for an advance to buy it from herders. For carriers and contractors, payment against an invoice per trip or per stage of work closed with a completion certificate is typical.
Dollar, yuan or tugrik
The national currency is the tugrik (MNT). In foreign trade, Mongolian companies invoice in US dollars. Because of close ties with China, some contracts are in yuan. Tugrik is used mainly to pay for local services. The agent transfers the currency named in the invoice. We select the agent from our pool based on whether it has an open route to the supplier’s bank in Ulaanbaatar in that exact currency. You see the exchange rate and the fee in the payment order, and only then send the roubles.
If you need a guarantee, the roubles wait in a special escrow account at a Russian bank until the money is credited: this is on request, for an additional fee. You do not pay VEDmost separately: the broker’s fee is paid by the agent.
Mongolian is written in Cyrillic, and the company is recorded in Cyrillic in the register. In English documents, everyone transliterates the name in their own way: the same word appears in three or four versions. Only the version held by the beneficiary’s bank is suitable for the payment. Ask the supplier to send the bank details on the bank’s letterhead and copy the name into the contract and the invoice letter for letter. The legal form matters too: the Mongolian abbreviation transliterated as KhKhK means a limited liability company (usually LLC in English documents), and KhK a joint-stock company (usually JSC).
Confirm the account number with the supplier in the form the bank issues it: at some banks it is already an IBAN starting with MN, at others a domestic number. Plus the bank’s SWIFT code.
Tsagaan Sar and Naadam
There are two periods when payments to Mongolia stand still. Tsagaan Sar, the Lunar New Year, in January or February: several days off and a slow week around them. Naadam, the national holiday, from July 11 to 15. If the supplier expects an advance for a shipment in these weeks, send it earlier.
What to clarify with a Mongolian supplier
- Whether it is a manufacturer or a reseller, and where the goods come from.
- Which currency the account number is for: dollars, yuan or tugrik.
- The company’s Latin spelling from the bank’s records, not from a sales manager’s business card.
- Which veterinary and phytosanitary certificates it provides for meat, wool and hides: without them the goods cannot be imported.
- When the batch will actually ship if Tsagaan Sar or Naadam is near.