Import duty

In the EAEU Customs Code, it is referred to as an import customs duty. The rates are common to all member states and are set by the Eurasian Economic Commission in the Common Customs Tariff. The rate depends on the product’s TN VED code and country of origin.

What it is for

The duty protects domestic producers from cheap imports and raises budget revenue. Through the rates, the state regulates which goods are worth importing. Rates on raw materials and components are often lower than on finished products.

Types of rates

• Ad valorem: a percentage of the customs value.
• Specific: an amount per unit, for example per kilogram or per piece.
• Combined: a mix of both, often a percentage but not less than a set amount per unit.

Base and calculation

The base for an ad valorem rate is the customs value. It includes the contract price and the costs of delivery to the EAEU border, if they are not included in the price. Foreign currency is converted into roubles at the Bank of Russia rate on the day the declaration is registered. Together with the duty, import VAT, excise tax on excisable goods and customs fees are paid at customs.

Preferences

Tariff preferences apply to goods from developing and least developed countries. For countries that have free trade agreements with the EAEU, rates are reduced or set to zero. A preference requires a document proving the origin of the goods. Tariff quotas and temporary rate changes apply to certain goods.

How it relates to payment

The duty is paid by the importer or its customs representative in Russia, in roubles. Only the payment of the supplier’s invoice goes through the agent. But the amounts in the invoice, the payment documents and the declaration must match: discrepancies surface during customs audits and in currency control. More on payment: Import payments.